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Fluoroscopy precisely and rapidly allows visualization of the optimal needle path and additionally identifies pathological conditions before needle insertion. This technique is also useful in patients with marked degenerative changes… Click to show full abstract
Fluoroscopy precisely and rapidly allows visualization of the optimal needle path and additionally identifies pathological conditions before needle insertion. This technique is also useful in patients with marked degenerative changes resulting in very narrow intralaminar spaces. Epidurography rules out complications such as intravascular injection. The technique is not suitable for patients unable to lie prone, in pregnancy and those with fractures who are difficult to position due to pain on movement.
Journal Title: Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
Year Published: 2019
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