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Commentary: Ocular histoplasmosis and nocardiosis co-infection: A rare presentation

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Systemic histoplasmosis is ubiquitous, and the causative fungus is found in the soil fertilized by birds, chicken, and bats.[1‐4] Histoplasmosis is common in immunosuppressed individuals and may present with mild… Click to show full abstract

Systemic histoplasmosis is ubiquitous, and the causative fungus is found in the soil fertilized by birds, chicken, and bats.[1‐4] Histoplasmosis is common in immunosuppressed individuals and may present with mild influenza, which often leads to granulomatous disease and can even progress to life‐threatening disease.[1‐4] In developing countries such as India, it can mimic tuberculosis.[3,4] Ocular manifestations of systemic histoplasmosis include retinitis, choroiditis, optic neuritis, uveitis, and endophthalmitis.[1‐4] Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS) may present with peripheral retinal or choroidal involvement called “histo spots,” and they mostly have clear vitreous, unlike systemic histoplasmosis.[1,2] POHS is mostly immunologic. Choroidal neovascular membrane is a known complication of histo spots in POHS.[1,2]

Keywords: systemic histoplasmosis; ocular histoplasmosis; commentary ocular; nocardiosis infection; histoplasmosis nocardiosis; histoplasmosis

Journal Title: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
Year Published: 2022

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