LAUSR

Personal identification through different biometry systems is being utilized worldwide on a massive scale. Biometric identification techniques have now penetrated the systems and are being used extensively in hospitals, hotels, public places, etc., This is being used for easy identification of a person, security checks at airports, and marking daily attendance in hospitals and other workplaces.[1] The introduction of the UIDIA‐Unique identification authority of India‐Aadhar card and its linkage to individual fingerprints and iris scans has given each Indian citizen personal identification and a great sense of security. The different biometric systems can be divided into physiological biometrics or behavioral biometrics. The different physiological biometrics include the following: a) Fingerprints – These are the most popular biometric system. The advantage is that an individual’s fingerprints remain unchanged during a lifetime. b) Hand geometry – this system uses geometric features like finger length and hand width to identify an individual. c) Finger vein pattern – scans of veins are used for individual identity. d) Facial image – this uses facial features like the distance between eyes, nose, mouth, or jaw edges for identification. e) Iris pattern – this allows identification through intricate patterns of the iris, including the furrows and ridges. f) Retinal images – this is considered the most secure way of identification.[2] An individual’s retinal/ choroidal pattern is captured and allows for comparison with the database. Various behavioral biometrics include a) Voice verification – this works by recognizing a person’s voice. B) Keystroke identification – this works on the principle of typing signatures, which is based on the pattern of how a person types on the keyboard. C) Handwritten signatures – this helps in authentication based on their handwritten signatures. Biometric evaluation is based on the evaluation of data quality, its usability, and the security measured by correct identification.[3]