LAUSR

Methemoglobinemia is a blood disorder in which there is an abnormal amount of methemoglobin (MetHb) formation, thus unable to release oxygen effectively to body tissues. This is mainly because MetHb is the altered state of hemoglobin (Hb) wherein the ferrous iron of heme has been oxidized to the ferric state. This review paper discusses in detail about the different types of methemoglobinemia and their causes with biochemical pathway and mechanisms. Patients with high MetHb in the blood will appear blue when they have cyanosis but can be cured with the methylene blue solution. However, a proper management should be laid out for strategic treatment. This review will be useful to health-care providers, pharmacists, biochemists, and researchers to understand the basics of methemoglobinemia and its current treatment with guidelines. This review will benefit the readers to understand and will be a ready reference for methemoglobinemia.