LAUSR

Background Neonatal mortality remains a public health problem in developing countries, including Algeria. Information on this indicator makes it possible to assess government efforts to improve the living conditions of target populations. Objectives This study aims to identify some determinants associated with this mortality from data of multiple indicator cluster survey conducted in Algeria in 2012–2013 (mics 4). Methods A retrospective case-control study including 1047 cases and 1041 controls. From a logistic regression model, we appreciated the role of different factors, socio-demographic, economic and geographic (Mother's age, level of education, wealth index, area of residence) in newborn survival. Results The main factors associated with neonatal mortality were rural residence (p<0.01; OR= 1.3; CI 1.08–1.54), South geographical area (p<0.05; OR=1.5; CI 1.18–1.84), low education level of mother (p<0.01; OR= 2.10; CI 1.35– 3.29), early age of maternal procreation (p<0.001; OR=4.34; CI 2.19– 14.40), the birth rank “7 and over” (<0.01; OR = 1.57; CI 1.13 – 2.44) and the two lowest wealth indices (p <0.001; OR = 2; 1.45–2.62 and p <0.01; OR = 1.66; CI 1.23–2.26). Conclusion In addition to the various reproductive health strategies already adopted by the authorities for health promotion and family planning, action should be taken to evaluate their implementation with sustained assistance for disadvantaged people and in risk areas.