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Gastrointestinal histoplasmosis: a case series from a non-endemic region in North India

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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided… Click to show full abstract

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 149 Six patients with GIH were diagnosed over 1 year. Mean age was 43 ± 13.08 years (range, 25–60 years) and 3 patients (50%) were male. The presenting complaints in decreasing order were abdominal pain (5 patients), weight loss (5 patients), fever (4 patients), diarrhea (2 patients), dysphagia (2 patients) and hematochezia (1 patient). Two patients had HIV as a risk factor for GIH but none were previously diagnosed. One patient had history of gradually increasing dysphagia for last 6 months for which upper GI endoscopy was done which revealed presence of multiple deep ulcers in upper esophagus (Fig. 1A) and CT thorax showed long segment mild asymmetric circumferential thickening of mid-esophagus with multiple variable sized nodules in both lobes of lung and the histology was consistent with histoplasmosis (Fig. 1B). Other patient had intermittent colicky abdominal pain, for which contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) abdomen was done which revealed presence of circumferential mural thickening of terminal ileum, ileocecal (IC) junction and cecum. Colonoscopy showed circumferential ulcers in cecum. On evaluation they have been diagnosed with HIV with low CD4 counts (143 and 125 cells/mm respectively). Neither of the patient was on highly active antiretroviral therapy. The third patient had presented with abdominal pain, weight loss and bloody diarrhea over last 6 months. On CECT abdomen there was asymmetric mural thickening in terminal ileum and IC junction with dilatation of terminal ileum along with thickening of antropyloric region. On endoscopy patient had a large ulcero-proliferative growth near IC valve and nonnegotiable growth near antrum. Histology confirmed the prespISSN 1598-9100 • eISSN 2288-1956 https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.00111 Intest Res 2019;17(1):149-152

Keywords: histology; abdominal pain; terminal ileum; gastrointestinal histoplasmosis; histoplasmosis; region

Journal Title: Intestinal Research
Year Published: 2019

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