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Exploring the assessment of Adjustment Disorders: Differences between a general and a clinical sample

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Background: Adjustment Disorders (AjD) are one of the most prevalent psychological problems in primary and hospital care. It is necessary to have evidence‐based instruments to help professionals diagnose and better… Click to show full abstract

Background: Adjustment Disorders (AjD) are one of the most prevalent psychological problems in primary and hospital care. It is necessary to have evidence‐based instruments to help professionals diagnose and better understand this problem, which has been little studied. This study presents an adaptation of the Inventory of Complicated Grief for the assessment of AjD symptoms, referred to as the Inventory of Stress and Loss (ISL), and explores the differences in the response to stressful situations between general and clinical Spanish populations. Methods: The general sample included 208 participants, and the clinical sample 91 patients with AjD. Results: Results showed that the ISL has high internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis showed one single factor, as in the original questionnaire. With respect to concurrent validity, the ISL correlated positively with the STAI‐T. Finally, significant differences were found in the total score on the questionnaire between the clinical and general samples, and between men and women in the general sample. Conclusions: Results suggest that the ISL is a simple, useful assessment tool that exhibits good psychometric properties and makes it possible to differentiate normal reactions to a stressful situation from pathological reactions. &NA; Explorando la evaluación de los Trastornos Adaptativos: diferencias entre una muestra general y clínica. Antecedentes: los Trastornos Adaptativos (TA) son uno de los problemas psicológicos más prevalentes en atención primaria y hospitalaria. Necesitamos disponer de instrumentos basados en la evidencia que ayuden a los profesionales a diagnosticar y a atender mejor este problema tan poco estudiado. Este estudio presenta la adaptación del Inventario de Duelo Complicado para la evaluación de los síntomas del TA, denominado Inventario de Estrés y Pérdida (IEP), y explora las diferencias en la respuesta a situaciones estresantes entre la población general y clínica española. Métodos: la muestra general incluyó 208 participantes, y la muestra clínica 91 participantes con TA. Resultados: los resultados mostraron que el IEP tiene una alta consistencia interna. El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró un único factor, como el cuestionario original. En cuanto a la validez convergente, el IEP correlacionó positivamente con el STAI‐R. Finalmente, se encontraron diferencias significativas en la puntuación total del cuestionario entre la muestra general y clínica, y entre hombres y mujeres de la muestra general. Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren que el IEP es una herramienta de evaluación simple y útil que muestra buenos resultados psicométricos y hace posible diferenciar las reacciones normales ante un acontecimiento estresante de las patológicas.

Keywords: sample; muestra general; los; adjustment disorders; clinical sample; general clinical

Journal Title: Psicothema
Year Published: 2019

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