Avoiding the Surrogate Paradox: An Empirical Framework for Assessing Assumptions.
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DOI: 10.1080/10485252.2025.2498609
Abstract: The use of surrogate markers to replace a primary outcome in clinical trials has the potential to allow earlier decisions about the effectiveness of a treatment when a direct measurement of the primary outcome is… read more here.
Keywords: framework; surrogate paradox; primary outcome; avoiding surrogate ... See more keywords