Evolutionary trade-offs in the chemical defense of floral and fruit tissues across genus Cornus.
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DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1540
Abstract: PREMISE Defense investment in plant reproductive structures is relatively understudied compared to the defense of vegetative organs. Here the evolution of chemical defenses in reproductive structures is examined in light of the optimal defense, apparency,… read more here.
Keywords: defense; chemistry; phenology; cornus ... See more keywords
Leaf trait association in relation to herbivore defense, drought resistance, and economics in a tropical invasive plant.
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DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1858
Abstract: PREMISE Exploring how functional traits vary and covary is important to understand plant responses to environmental change. However, we have limited understanding of the ways multiple functional traits vary and covary within invasive species. METHODS… read more here.
Keywords: drought resistance; economics; defense; plant ... See more keywords
Dipteran endoparasitoid Exorista bombycis utilizes antihemocyte components against host defense of silkworm Bombyx mori.
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DOI: 10.1002/arch.21976
Abstract: Dipteran endoparasitoids avoid host immune response; however, antidefense components from the Dipterans are unknown. Infestation of commercial silkworm Bombyx mori Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) by endoparasitoid Exorista bombycis Louis (Diptera: Tachinidae) induced immune reactions, cytotoxicity, granulation, degranulation,… read more here.
Keywords: endoparasitoid exorista; bombyx mori; defense; host ... See more keywords
A hidden cost of migration? Innate immune function versus antioxidant defense
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DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3756
Abstract: Abstract Migration is energetically demanding and physiologically challenging. Migrating birds, for example, need to boost their antioxidant defenses to defeat the pro‐oxidants produced during high energetic activity. The enhanced antioxidant defense possibly withdraws limited resources… read more here.
Keywords: defense; migration; antioxidant defense; innate immune ... See more keywords
Symbiont‐mediated chemical defense in the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis
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DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4840
Abstract: The volatile alkylpyrazines methyl- and methoxypyrazines (MPs) present in the reflex bleeds of coccinellid beetles such as the harlequin ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis are important semiochemicals that function in antipredatory defense behavior. Pyrazines have also… read more here.
Keywords: harmonia axyridis; defense; symbiont mediated; mediated chemical ... See more keywords
Physical, but not chemical, antiherbivore defense expression is related to the clustered spatial distribution of tropical trees in an Amazonian forest
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DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4859
Abstract: Abstract The conspecific negative density dependence hypothesis states that mortality of young trees (seedlings and saplings) is higher near conspecific adults due to mechanisms such as allelopathy, intraspecific competition, and pest facilitation, explaining why in… read more here.
Keywords: physical chemical; defense; expression; resistance ... See more keywords
Contingency rules for pathogen competition and antagonism in a genetically based, plant defense hierarchy
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DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5253
Abstract: Abstract Plant defense against pathogens includes a range of mechanisms, including, but not limited to, genetic resistance, pathogen‐antagonizing endophytes, and pathogen competitors. The relative importance of each mechanism can be expressed in a hierarchical view… read more here.
Keywords: pathogen antagonism; pathogen; plant; defense ... See more keywords
Molecular and ecological plant defense responses along an elevational gradient in a boreal ecosystem
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DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6074
Abstract: Abstract Plants have the capacity to alter their phenotype in response to environmental factors, such as herbivory, a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity. However, little is known on how plant responses to herbivory are modulated by… read more here.
Keywords: plant; defense; gradient boreal; elevational gradient ... See more keywords
Tetranychus evansi spider mite populations suppress tomato defenses to varying degrees
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DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6204
Abstract: Abstract Plant defense suppression is an offensive strategy of herbivores, in which they manipulate plant physiological processes to increase their performance. Paradoxically, defense suppression does not always benefit the defense‐suppressing herbivores, because lowered plant defenses… read more here.
Keywords: tetranychus evansi; defense suppression; plant; defense ... See more keywords
Herbivore‐induced defenses are not under phylogenetic constraints in the genus Quercus (oak): Phylogenetic patterns of growth, defense, and storage
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DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7409
Abstract: Abstract The evolution of plant defenses is often constrained by phylogeny. Many of the differences between competing plant defense theories hinge upon the differences in the location of meristem damage (apical versus auxiliary) and the… read more here.
Keywords: phylogenetic constraints; defense; quercus oak; genus quercus ... See more keywords
Use of an exotic host plant shifts immunity, chemical defense, and viral burden in wild populations of a specialist insect herbivore
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DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8723
Abstract: Abstract Defense against natural enemies constitutes an important driver of herbivore host range evolution in the wild. Populations of the Baltimore checkerspot butterfly, Euphydryas phaeton (Nymphalidae), have recently incorporated an exotic plant, Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae),… read more here.
Keywords: sequestration; defense; wild populations; plant ... See more keywords