Opioids Regulate the Immune System: Focusing on Macrophages and Their Organelles
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DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.814241
Abstract: Opioids are the most widely used analgesics and therefore have often been the focus of pharmacological research. Macrophages are the most plastic cells in the hematopoietic system. They show great functional diversity in various organism… read more here.
Keywords: system; regulate immune; opioids regulate; system focusing ... See more keywords
Side Effects of Opioids Are Ameliorated by Regulating TRPV1 Receptors
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DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042387
Abstract: Humans have used opioids to suppress moderate to severe pain for thousands of years. However, the long-term use of opioids has several adverse effects, such as opioid tolerance, opioid-induced hyperalgesia, and addiction. In addition, the… read more here.
Keywords: side effects; opioid induced; trpv1 receptors; effects opioids ... See more keywords