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Published in 2021 at "Wirtschaftsdienst"
DOI: 10.1007/s10273-021-2966-6
Abstract: The new Federal Fiscal Equalization System became effective on 1 January, 2020. While all public budgets in the federal system of Germany were faced with high decreases in revenues caused by the measures to fight…
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Keywords:
new federal;
federal grants;
system;
2020 first ... See more keywords
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Published in 2020 at "Journal of Power Sources"
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227489
Abstract: Abstract Large Li-ion battery packs are an enabling technology for electric vehicles, smart homes and the smart grid. Keeping the individual cells that make up the battery pack balanced reduces the loss of capacity over…
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Keywords:
equalisation circuits;
cell equalisation;
circuits review;
paper ... See more keywords
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Published in 2020 at "Iet Power Electronics"
DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel.2019.1620
Abstract: Lithium batteries have become the main power source for new energy vehicles due to their high energy density and low self-discharge rate. In actual use of series battery packs, due to battery internal resistance, self-discharge…
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Keywords:
energy;
battery pack;
equalisation;
topology ... See more keywords
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Published in 2018 at "Energies"
DOI: 10.3390/en11113220
Abstract: This study designs an active equilibrium control strategy based on model predictive control (MPC) for series battery packs. To shorten equalisation time and reduce unnecessary energy consumption, bidirectional active equalisation is modelled and analysed, and…
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Keywords:
model predictive;
control;
time;
equalisation ... See more keywords