Establishment of a 2-dimensional echocardiographic protocol and reference parameters for clinically healthy southern stingrays (Hypanus americanus).
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DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.23.02.0021
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To establish an echocardiographic technique and 2-dimensional reference parameters for southern stingrays (Hypanus americanus). A second objective was to compare echocardiographic measurements obtained from animals of different sex, size, environment, handling technique, and position.… read more here.
Keywords: stingrays hypanus; reference parameters; establishment dimensional; hypanus americanus ... See more keywords