Experience increases defensive responses of White‐fronted Woodpeckers towards the invasive European Starling
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DOI: 10.1111/ibi.13432
Abstract: Invasive species like the European Starling Sturnus vulgaris, which is rapidly expanding in South America, can threaten native birds through nest usurpation, making timely threat recognition essential for nest defence. Using model presentation experiments at… read more here.
Keywords: white fronted; defensive responses; experience increases; responses white ... See more keywords