Rethinking balanced scorecard (BSC) measures: formative versus reflective measurement models
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DOI: 10.1108/ijppm-08-2015-0109
Abstract: Purpose Most empirical balanced scorecard (BSC) studies have shown a tendency to wrongly employ reflective indicators instead of the more theoretically suitable formative indicators. However, formative indicators are difficult to apply due to the lack… read more here.
Keywords: formative measure; bsc; balanced scorecard; measurement ... See more keywords