Fatty acid esters as novel metabolites of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB): A preliminary investigation.
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2022 at "Drug testing and analysis"
DOI: 10.1002/dta.3213
Abstract: γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a substance frequently abused as a knock-out agent. Because of possible amnesia experienced by victims of GHB exposure and the short detection time of GHB in biological samples, the proof of… read more here.
Keywords: ghb pal; acid esters; ghb; hydroxybutyric acid ... See more keywords
Differentiation of endogenous and exogenous γ-Hydroxybutyrate in rat and human urine by GC/C/IRMS
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2019 at "International Journal of Legal Medicine"
DOI: 10.1007/s00414-019-02052-x
Abstract: Gamma (γ)-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) has been reported to be an endogenous compound in the mammalian brain. It used to treat symptoms of alcohol, opioid, and drug withdrawal and cataplexy of narcolepsy. However, it is often… read more here.
Keywords: human urine; urine irms; endogenous exogenous; ghb ... See more keywords
The challenge of post-mortem GHB analysis: storage conditions and specimen types are both important
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2019 at "International Journal of Legal Medicine"
DOI: 10.1007/s00414-019-02150-w
Abstract: Background For the interpretation of concentrations of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in post-mortem specimens, a possible increase due to post-mortem generation in the body and in vitro has to be considered. The influence of different storage conditions… read more here.
Keywords: ghb; storage conditions; post; post mortem ... See more keywords
Quantification of GHB and GHB-GLUC in an 1,4-butanediol intoxication: A case report.
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2019 at "Forensic science international"
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.01.035
Abstract: Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is an endogenous compound with known action at the neural level. Its psychoactive effects led to an illicit use context including recreational purposes, muscle building effects in bodybuilders and drug-facilitated crimes, specifically… read more here.
Keywords: butanediol; intoxication; case; ghb gluc ... See more keywords
Rate of elimination of γ-hydroxybutyrate from blood determined by analysis of two consecutive samples from apprehended drivers in Norway.
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2020 at "Forensic science international"
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110374
Abstract: AIM Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a common drug of abuse with an elimination half-life of 20-45 min. However, there is some evidence that GHB might exhibit saturation kinetics after ingesting high recreational doses. The aim of this… read more here.
Keywords: ghb; two consecutive; order; apprehended drivers ... See more keywords
GHB related acids are useful in routine casework of suspected GHB intoxication cases.
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2021 at "Forensic science international"
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110833
Abstract: GHB related acids (3,4-dihydroxy butyric acid, 2,4-dihydroxy butyric acid and glycolic acid) are produced through oxidative GHB metabolism. These analytes could be potential biomarkers to ensure the diagnosis of a GHB intoxication and even prolong… read more here.
Keywords: ghb intoxication; ghb related; intoxication cases; related acids ... See more keywords
Simultaneous determination of alpha-, beta- and gamma-hydroxybutyric acids in micro-pulverized human hair by GC-MS: Method development, validation and application.
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2019 at "Talanta"
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.064
Abstract: An analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of alpha, beta and gamma-hydroxybutyric acids (AHB, BHB and GHB, respectively) in human hair. Hair samples (10 mg) were pulverized and submitted to extraction using… read more here.
Keywords: ahb bhb; human hair; determination; hair ... See more keywords
Molecular Hybridization of Potent and Selective γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) Ligands: Design, Synthesis, Binding Studies, and Molecular Modeling of Novel 3-Hydroxycyclopent-1-enecarboxylic Acid (HOCPCA) and trans-γ-Hydroxycrotonic Acid (T-HCA) Analogs.
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2017 at "Journal of medicinal chemistry"
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01351
Abstract: γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a neuroactive substance with specific high-affinity binding sites. To facilitate target identification and ligand optimization, we herein report a comprehensive structure-affinity relationship study for novel ligands targeting these binding sites. A… read more here.
Keywords: high affinity; hocpca; hca; ghb ... See more keywords
Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Withdrawal in a Patient with Polysubstance Use.
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DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2020.1865591
Abstract: Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and its various pro-drugs are GABA-B central nervous system depressants more commonly known as "G" and "liquid ecstasy" among those who consume. Due to the depressant quality of the substance and its convenience… read more here.
Keywords: polysubstance use; hydroxybutyrate ghb; withdrawal patient; withdrawal ... See more keywords
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate: is it a feasible alternative to midazolam in long-term mechanically ventilated children?
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2019 at "Current Medical Research and Opinion"
DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2019.1618253
Abstract: Abstract Aim: Benzodiazepines like midazolam are commonly used for long-term sedation of critically ill children requiring mechanical ventilation. Tolerance to midazolam may occur in these patients resulting in a ceiling effect with insufficient or missing… read more here.
Keywords: ghb; drug rotation; long term; midazolam ... See more keywords
Evidence of GHB natural presence in energy drinks: caution in data interpretation in suspected DFSA cases.
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2020 at "Journal of analytical toxicology"
DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkaa025
Abstract: Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), usually reported as rape drug in drug-facilitated sexual assaults (DFSA), is an endogenous substance in human body and is also found in many beverages. This may lead to data misinterpretation in forensic… read more here.
Keywords: energy drinks; presence; presence energy; evidence ... See more keywords