Home-bias in referee decisions: Evidence from “Ghost Matches” during the Covid19-Pandemic
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DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109621
Abstract: We use ghost matches induced by Covid19 in the Bundesliga, Germany's top two football (soccer) divisions, to investigate whether audiences affect referees We find that pre-Covid19 referees gave fewer fouls and yellow cards for the… read more here.
Keywords: bias referee; ghost matches; home bias; ghost ... See more keywords