Drivers of apoplastic freezing in gymnosperm and angiosperm branches
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DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3665
Abstract: Abstract It is not well understood what determines the degree of supercooling of apoplastic sap in trees, although it determines the number and duration of annual freeze–thaw cycles in a given environment. We studied the… read more here.
Keywords: water; nucleation temperature; ice nucleation; ice ... See more keywords
Looking inside the ‘black box’: Freezing engineering to ensure the quality of freeze‐dried biopharmaceuticals
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DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.05.020
Abstract: Graphical abstract Figure. No caption available. &NA; The freezing step plays a central role in reaching the most stringent requirements of quality, homogeneity and standardization of freeze‐dried products. In this paper, a systematic procedure has… read more here.
Keywords: quality; looking inside; freeze dried; nucleation temperature ... See more keywords
The effect of AlN nucleation temperature on inverted pyramid defects in GaN layers grown on 200 mm silicon wafers
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DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2016.11.049
Abstract: Abstract We have examined 200 mm GaN on silicon wafers, while varying the AlN nucleation temperature, and have found that higher temperatures result in a more convex bow on the wafers. In addition, by performing full… read more here.
Keywords: inverted pyramid; temperature; pyramid defects; silicon wafers ... See more keywords