Higher-order conditioning: A critical review and computational model.
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DOI: 10.1037/rev0000368
Abstract: Higher-order conditioning results from a simple training procedure: Pairing two relatively neutral conditioned stimuli, A and X, allows properties separately conditioned to X (e.g., through pairing it with an unconditioned stimulus, US) to be evident… read more here.
Keywords: critical review; higher order; order conditioning; model ... See more keywords
Higher-Order Conditioning: What Is Learnt and How it Is Expressed
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DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.726218
Abstract: Pairing a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) with a motivationally significant unconditioned stimulus (US) results in the CS coming to elicit conditioned responses (CRs). The widespread significance and translational value of Pavlovian conditioning are increased by… read more here.
Keywords: pavlovian conditioning; higher order; conditioning learnt; learnt expressed ... See more keywords
Understanding Associative Learning Through Higher-Order Conditioning
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DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.845616
Abstract: Associative learning is often considered to require the physical presence of stimuli in the environment in order for them to be linked. This, however, is not a necessary condition for learning. Indeed, associative relationships can… read more here.
Keywords: understanding associative; higher order; associative learning; order ... See more keywords
How common is a common error term? The rules that govern associative learning in sensory preconditioning and second-order conditioning
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DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.954646
Abstract: In standard (first-order) Pavlovian conditioning protocols, pairings of an initially neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) and a biologically significant unconditioned stimulus (US) result in the formation of a CS-US association. The strength of this association is… read more here.
Keywords: sensory preconditioning; second order; preconditioning second; order ... See more keywords
Hierarchical architecture of dopaminergic circuits enables second-order conditioning in Drosophila
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DOI: 10.7554/elife.79042
Abstract: Dopaminergic neurons with distinct projection patterns and physiological properties compose memory subsystems in a brain. However, it is poorly understood whether or how they interact during complex learning. Here, we identify a feedforward circuit formed… read more here.
Keywords: architecture dopaminergic; hierarchical architecture; second order; memory ... See more keywords