Understanding pup affective state through ethologically significant ultrasonic vocalization frequency
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DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13518-6
Abstract: Throughout life, rats emit ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) when confronted with an aversive situation. However, the conditions classically used to elicit USV vary greatly with the animal’s age (isolation from the dam in infancy, versus nociceptive… read more here.
Keywords: frequency; affective state; understanding pup; pup affective ... See more keywords