Nicotine e-cigarette vapor inhalation effects on nicotine & cotinine plasma levels and somatic withdrawal signs in adult male Wistar rats
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DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05400-2
Abstract: Rationale Non-contingent chronic nicotine exposure procedures have evolved rapidly in recent years, culminating in electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS or e-cigarettes) to deliver vaporized drugs to rodents in standard housing chambers. Objectives The aim of… read more here.
Keywords: nicotine; withdrawal signs; vapor; somatic withdrawal ... See more keywords