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Published in 2019 at "Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology"
DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2019.103115
Abstract: Abstract In deep excavation designs, strut loads play a key role to ensure excavation safety. During the construction, temperature fluctuation inevitably leads to a variation in strut loads. Therefore, how to quantitatively estimate the effects…
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Keywords:
empirical approach;
temperature;
estimate;
new empirical ... See more keywords