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   Articles with "target trial" as a keyword



Emulating a Target Trial Using Observational Data.

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recommendations! Published in 2025 at "JAMA internal medicine"

DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.8129

Abstract: This Guide to Statistics and Methods discusses target trial emulation, including why to use it, limitations of the method, and how to interpret target trial emulation findings. read more here.

Keywords: trial; target trial; emulating target; using observational ... See more keywords

Comparison of a Target Trial Emulation Framework vs Cox Regression to Estimate the Association of Corticosteroids With COVID-19 Mortality

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recommendations! Published in 2022 at "JAMA Network Open"

DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.34425

Abstract: Key Points Question How do modern methods for statistical inference compare with approaches common in the clinical literature when estimating the association of corticosteroids with mortality for patients with moderate to severe COVID-19? Findings In… read more here.

Keywords: mortality; target trial; trial emulation; association corticosteroids ... See more keywords
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Relevance of the antenatal corticosteroids-to-delivery interval in the prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome through the eyes of causal inference: a review and target trial

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recommendations! Published in 2021 at "Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"

DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06213-5

Abstract: To critically analyse the literature on the antenatal corticosteroids (ACS)-to-birth interval from a causal point of view and to present a solution to the problem of bias caused by post hoc analysis. Due to the… read more here.

Keywords: trial; target trial; acs birth; interval ... See more keywords

Target trial emulation: teaching epidemiology and beyond

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recommendations! Published in 2017 at "European Journal of Epidemiology"

DOI: 10.1007/s10654-017-0293-4

Abstract: textabstractObservational epidemiology is continually held to thestandard of randomized trials. A typical epidemiology article references previous trials in the introduction (or reasons why trials are not feasible) and, when possible, compares the results to previous… read more here.

Keywords: target trial; epidemiology; trial; trial emulation ... See more keywords

Target Trial Emulation for Transparent and Robust Estimation of Treatment Effects for Health Technology Assessment Using Real-World Data: Opportunities and Challenges

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recommendations! Published in 2022 at "PharmacoEconomics"

DOI: 10.1007/s40273-022-01141-x

Abstract: Evidence about the relative effects of new treatments is typically collected in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). In many instances, evidence from RCTs falls short of the needs of health technology assessment (HTA). For example, RCTs… read more here.

Keywords: target trial; world data; treatment effects; trial ... See more keywords

Target Trial Emulation and Bias Through Missing Eligibility Data: An Application to a Study of Palivizumab for the Prevention of Hospitalization Due to Infant Respiratory Illness

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recommendations! Published in 2022 at "American Journal of Epidemiology"

DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwac202

Abstract: Abstract Target trial emulation (TTE) applies the principles of randomized controlled trials to the causal analysis of observational data sets. One challenge that is rarely considered in TTE is the sources of bias that may… read more here.

Keywords: eligibility; trial; target trial; eligibility data ... See more keywords

Target Trial Emulation: A Call for More Widespread Use.

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recommendations! Published in 2024 at "American journal of epidemiology"

DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae222

Abstract: Causal inference methods intended for use with observational data have been widely available for decades, but barriers exist to their widespread adoption. These likely include lack of familiarity with several methodologic techniques often used in… read more here.

Keywords: trial emulation; trial; inference; target trial ... See more keywords

Heterogeneous Cardiovascular Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes: A Causal Forest and Target Trial Emulation Study.

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recommendations! Published in 2025 at "European journal of preventive cardiology"

DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf539

Abstract: AIMS Evidence is limited as to who benefit the most from sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), especially among people without elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the heterogeneity in the… read more here.

Keywords: causal forest; risk; trial emulation; cvd risk ... See more keywords

Target Trial Emulation: Improving the Quality of Observational Studies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using the Principles of Randomized Trials

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recommendations! Published in 2024 at "Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"

DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izae131

Abstract: Abstract The past decade has seen a substantial increase in the number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Randomized controlled trials are the gold standard method for generating robust evidence… read more here.

Keywords: trial; trial emulation; observational studies; inflammatory bowel ... See more keywords

Emulating a target trial of intensive nurse home visiting in the policy-relevant population using linked administrative data

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recommendations! Published in 2022 at "International Journal of Epidemiology"

DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyac092

Abstract: Abstract Background Populations willing to participate in randomized trials may not correspond well to policy-relevant target populations. Evidence of effectiveness that is complementary to randomized trials may be obtained by combining the ‘target trial’ causal… read more here.

Keywords: policy relevant; policy; target trial; population ... See more keywords

Waning of first- and second-dose ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccinations: a pooled target trial study of 12.9 million individuals in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales

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recommendations! Published in 2022 at "International Journal of Epidemiology"

DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyac199

Abstract: Abstract Background Several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been shown to provide protection against COVID-19 hospitalization and death. However, some evidence suggests that notable waning in effectiveness against these outcomes occurs within months of vaccination. We undertook… read more here.

Keywords: first second; bnt162b2; covid; target trial ... See more keywords