Characterization on White Etching Layer Formed During Ceramic Milling of Inconel 718
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DOI: 10.1007/s12540-018-0056-0
Abstract: A comprehensive characterization of the near surface formed during the interrupted high-speed dry ceramic milling of IN718 was performed using light imaging, SEM/EDX, TEM and nano-hardness methods. It was found out that even an initial… read more here.
Keywords: layer; characterization white; white etching; ceramic milling ... See more keywords
The role of carbon in the white etching crack phenomenon in bearing steels
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DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2020.11.022
Abstract: Abstract Since white etching crack (WEC) phenomena primarily occur in high carbon steels, we elucidate the role of carbon in this failure mechanism in bearings. The nano-crystalline ferritic regions that make up the white etching… read more here.
Keywords: white etching; etching crack; carbon; role carbon ... See more keywords
Squat formation and the occurrence of two distinct classes of white etching layer on the surface of rail steel
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DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.07.005
Abstract: Abstract Squats are recognized as an important rail track issue related to rolling contact fatigue, and represent a serious problem affecting significant parts of railway networks across the world. The mechanisms of squat initiation and… read more here.
Keywords: austenite martensite; wels containing; surface; squat formation ... See more keywords
The origins of white etching cracks and their significance to rolling bearing failures
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DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2018.10.023
Abstract: Abstract Presence of white etching cracks has been widely associated with early failures of rolling bearings in a number of applications, with wind turbine gearbox bearings being the most frequently cited and practically significant example.… read more here.
Keywords: contact; etching cracks; white etching; etching areas ... See more keywords
Re-investigation of dark etching regions and white etching bands in SAE 52100 bearing steel due to rolling contact fatigue
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DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.105591
Abstract: Abstract Microstructural alterations such as dark etching regions (DERs) and white etching bands (WEBs) have been known to manifest in the subsurface of steel bearings due to rolling contact fatigue (RCF) under medium-high stress cycles.… read more here.
Keywords: etching bands; dark etching; etching regions; white etching ... See more keywords
Broad review of “White Etching Crack” failure in wind turbine gearbox bearings: Main factors and experimental investigations
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2021 at "International Journal of Fatigue"
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.106091
Abstract: Abstract Subsurface crack networks surrounded by microstructural alterations, named as “White Etching Cracks” (WEC), lead to wind turbine gearbox bearing (WTGB) premature failures. This phenomenon has been studied for decades without yet reaching a sturdy… read more here.
Keywords: white etching; turbine gearbox; wind turbine; crack ... See more keywords
Atomic scale characterization of white etching area and its adjacent matrix in a martensitic 100Cr6 bearing steel
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DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2016.12.002
Abstract: Abstract Atom probe tomography was employed to characterize the microstructure and C distribution in the white etching area (WEA) of a martensitic 100Cr6 bearing steel subjected to rolling contact fatigue. Different from its surrounding matrix… read more here.
Keywords: etching area; bearing steel; martensitic 100cr6; white etching ... See more keywords
3D X-ray computerized tomography of White Etching Cracks (WEC)
Sign Up to like & getrecommendations! Published in 2019 at "Materials Characterization"
DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2019.01.032
Abstract: Abstract This work is focused on demonstrating the possibilities of using X-ray Computerized Tomography laboratory equipment based on density measurements for making 3D maps of White Etching Crack networks in bearings. Four bearing specimens have… read more here.
Keywords: computerized tomography; microscopy; white etching; ray computerized ... See more keywords
Mechanism of fine granular area and white etching crack formation in AISI 52100 bearing steel
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DOI: 10.1016/j.tafmec.2020.102664
Abstract: Abstract Fine Granular Area (FGA) and White Etching Cracks (WEC) are two types of fatigue damage phenomena which are characterised by the development of cracks accompanied by a local microstructural transformation. The resulting microstructures share… read more here.
Keywords: fine granular; mechanism; white etching; crack ... See more keywords
Third-body and crack behavior in white etching layer induced by sliding–rolling friction
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DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2019.105882
Abstract: Abstract The tribologically transformed structure of the white etching layer (WEL) always appears with some cracks accompanying microstructural evolution under friction. This work investigated crack behavior with the existence of WEL on pearlitic steel after… read more here.
Keywords: microscopy; etching layer; white etching; friction ... See more keywords
White Etching Structures in Annealed 52100 Bearing Steel Arising from High-Pressure Torsion Tests
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DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2021.107187
Abstract: Abstract White Etching Areas observed in failed rolling bearings have been associated with the presence of Severe Plastic Deformation conditions, which can be achieved by High-Pressure Torsion tests; thus, this technique was selected to produce… read more here.
Keywords: high pressure; white etching; pressure torsion; torsion tests ... See more keywords