Articles with "withdrawal signs" as a keyword



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Nicotine e-cigarette vapor inhalation effects on nicotine & cotinine plasma levels and somatic withdrawal signs in adult male Wistar rats

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Published in 2019 at "Psychopharmacology"

DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05400-2

Abstract: Rationale Non-contingent chronic nicotine exposure procedures have evolved rapidly in recent years, culminating in electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS or e-cigarettes) to deliver vaporized drugs to rodents in standard housing chambers. Objectives The aim of… read more here.

Keywords: nicotine; withdrawal signs; vapor; somatic withdrawal ... See more keywords