Toroidal phase topologies within paraxial laser beams
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DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01782-8
Abstract: Control of topologies in structured light fields with multi-degrees of freedom integrates fundamental optical physics and topological invariance. Beyond the simple phase vortex, three-dimensional (3D) topological singularities and related nonsingular textures have recently gained significant… read more here.
Keywords: toroidal phase; within paraxial; laser beams; phase ... See more keywords